Theoretic-empirical Substantiation of the Principles of the Methodology of the Post-non-classical Period in Science

Abstract

The article presents in detail the methodology for studying the process of cogni­tion, which is characteristic of the post-non-classical type of scientific rationality. In accordance with the concept of scientific rationality types of Academician V.S. Stepin, who singled out a new level of scientific analysis in connection with the emergence of a new type of self-developing systems in science, the author pro­ceeds from the fact that the qualitative difference between post-nonclassical and previous types of rationality is its connection with the system of moral values of society, which is fundamentally new for science. The researcher of “human-sized” objects has to solve a number of ethical problems, defining the boundaries of pos­sible changes in the system. Under these conditions, the ethics of science, which stimulates the search for truth, is constantly correlated with general humanistic principles and values. The author proposed a fundamentally new method of re­search, which makes it possible to observe the creative process during the experi­ment as a self-developing process of cognition, during which new patterns are dis­covered in the absence of an external stimulus. The principle of post-non-classics “the connection of truth with morality” finds its clear confirmation in the mecha­nism of creativity justified by the author as the development of activity on the ini­tiative of the subject, provided the dominance of cognitive motivation in the struc­ture of his personality. In fact, this is an experimental proof of the theory of V.S. Stepin. At the same time, the post-nonclassical theory provides a methodolog­ical justification for the mechanism of creativity identified by the author for the first time as the ability to develop activities on one’s own initiative.