On the Other Side of Postmodernism: Global Transformations of the 21st Century and the Revival of Leninist Dialectics (to the 150th Anniversary of the Birth of V.I. Ulyanov-Lenin)

Abstract

The author considers one of the aspects of Lenin’s philosophical heritage – the development of materialistic dialectics. It is shown that the crisis of the neo­liberal model that is characteristic of the modern stage is no coincidence associ­ated with the departure of the postmodern methodology and the aggravation of the problems of finding new large narratives, the main ones being conservatism and an updated socialist project. The latter and to an even greater extent, the ripening qualitative technological and social transformations, determine the revival of dialectics. The author highlights five of Lenin’s most important achievements in this area: (1) the formulation of the problem of the need for ma­terialistic dialectical logic; (2) emphasizing the problem of conjugation of the “Science of Logic” by Hegel and the Logic of Marx’ “Capital”; (3) highlight­ing those aspects of Hegel’s “Science of Logic” that, according to Lenin, contain all the necessary components of the Logic of Marxism, (4) developing on this basis an understanding of the most important categories of materialist dialectics, and above all, dialectical contradiction and (5) dialectical and materialistic solu­tion to the fundamental question of philosophy. In conclusion, a positive author’s criticism of the Leninist heritage is given.