Russian Neo-Kantianism in the history of European philosophy and culture

Abstract

The article analyzes the role of Russian neo-Kantianism for the fate of European and Russian philosophy and culture. The author substantiates the idea that it was Russian neo-Kantianism, as the most influential direction of Russian neo-West­ernism, that set itself the task of building an intellectual and cultural bridge be­tween Russian and European socio-philosophical thought and successfully ful­filled it. The peculiarity of this study is that the emphasis in the analysis of various relationships between Russian and foreign thinkers is on demonstrating a sufficiently serious influence of representatives of Russian neo-Kantianism on Western European philosophers and Western philosophy. History has preserved many facts of friendly relations of Russian neo-Kantians with Western philoso­phers, who had their basis for fruitful creative cooperation. Being the will of fate at the “crossroads” of ideological confrontation of philosophical schools and di­rections, Russian neo-Kantians were able to preserve the critical “spirit” of neo-Kantian doctrine, independently develop it both from theoretical positions, en­riching neo-Kantianism with positive achievements of phenomenology, Hegelian, religious philosophy, and from practical positions, attracting neo-Kantian method­ology for the analysis of pedagogical and political-legal concepts. Also noted are the fruitful efforts of Russian neo-Kantians in the cultural and philosophical inter­action between Russia and Europe – translations into various European languages of the works of Russian writers and philosophers and European – into Russian, the implementation of numerous joint cultural projects, etc.